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您吹牛的素材: 几个和“虎” 相关的经济学名词

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发表于 2009-8-25 12:54:48 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
您吹牛的素材 “凯尔特虎”, “巴尔虎” ( 两个经济学名词 )


巴尔虎 是指开始在2000年-2007年的期间,波罗的海国家;爱沙尼亚 , 拉脱维亚和立陶宛 的经济繁荣的一个名词。

The term is modeled on Four Asian Tigers and Celtic Tiger , which were used to describe the economic boom periods in parts of East Asia and Ireland , respectively.

这个词是模仿亚洲四小龙和 凯尔特虎 ,这是用来形容在东亚和爱尔兰 ,分别为地方的经济繁荣时期。

After 2000, the Baltic Tiger economies implemented important economic reforms and liberalisation, which, coupled with their fairly low-wage and skilled labour force, attracted large amounts of foreign investment and economic growth.

2000年以后,波罗的海三小龙实施重要的经济改革和开放市场,后者有其相当低工资和熟练的劳动力结合,吸引外国投资和经济增长的大量资金。

Between 2000 and 2006, the Baltic Tiger states had the highest growth rates in Europe , and this is continued in 2007
.
2000年至2006年,波罗的海国家有老虎在欧洲最高的增长率,这是在2007年继续进行。

In 2006, for example, Estonia grew by 11.2% in gross domestic product , while Latvia grew by 11.9% and Lithuania by 7.5%.
2006年

例如, 爱沙尼亚增长了11.2 国内生产总值 %,而拉脱维亚和立陶宛11.9%,增长了7.5%。
All three countries by February 2006 saw their rates of unemployment falling below average EU values.

2006年2月这三个国家都看到了失业的利率低于欧盟平均水平值下降。

Additionally, Estonia is among the ten most liberal economies in the world and in 2006 switched from being classified as an upper-middle income economy to a high-income economy by the World Bank.

此外,爱沙尼亚是前10位最自由的经济体在世界上和在2006年交换被视为一种上中等收入经济向高收入经济分类的世界银行。

All three countries joined the European Union in May 2004, and all three were slated to adopt the euro at some point around 2010.

所有这三个国家加入了2004年5月的欧洲联盟 ,所有预定3人采取一些2010年前后点的欧元 。

The Baltic economies were predicted to continue growing at a high annual rate of 5-10% until at least 2010.
波罗的海各经济体进行了预测,继续在高5-10%的速度增长到至少2010年。

In the 2000-2010 decade, gross domestic product was expected to rise dramatically, similar to what happened in Ireland during its 1990s economic boom.

在2000-2010年十年间, 国内生产总值预计将大幅上升,在其20世纪90年代的经济繁荣,类似在爱尔兰发生什么。

While their GDP per capita is currently at approximately 60-75% of the European Union average, they are expected to rapidly converge in income, even though EU average income is not expected to be reached in the near future.

虽然他们的人均国内生产总值目前大约60-75的欧洲联盟平均%,但预计它们迅速衔接的收入,即使欧盟的平均收入预计不会在不久的将来达成。

Even their present status at approximately 65% of the EU average is a remarkable improvement in such a short time, considering that in 1999, Latvia and Lithuania had a GDP per capita at only 25% of the EU average.

即使他们在近65%,欧盟的平均水平的现状是在这么短的时间显着改善,考虑到在1999年,拉脱维亚和立陶宛的只有25%,欧盟平均人均国内生产总值。

One negative characteristic of the Baltic states' economic growth has been a substantial growth in the current account deficit and external imbalances.

其中一个'波罗的海国家的经济增长产生负面特征是在经常项目赤字和外部失衡的大幅增长。

This has led some economists to predict a risk for a ' hard landing ' scenario and financial crises in Latvia and Estonia.

这使得一些经济学家预测的' 硬着陆 '的情况,以及在拉脱维亚和爱沙尼亚金融危机的风险。

On the other hand, they have very low government debt levels (3.8% of GDP in Estonia, 17% in Latvia), [ 1 ] the central banks in both countries have reserves approaching the M1 money supply , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and the biggest private banks are owned by solvent Scandinavian giants.

另一方面,他们有非常低的政府债务水平(国内生产总值的3.8%,爱沙尼亚,拉脱维亚17%),[1]在这两个国家的中央银行已经储备接近货币供应量M1 货币供应量 ,[2] [3]和最大的私人银行所拥有溶剂北欧巨人。

Estonian government has remained especially confident and highly optimistic.

爱沙尼亚政府一直特别有信心,非常乐观。

It derives at least some part its optimism and confidence from its financial reserves, which exceeded a 10% of GDP mark by the end of 2006 and which were expected to increase further by an approximately 3.6% of GDP surplus in the 2007 budget.

源自至少有一些部分的乐观态度和它的财政储备,而这超出了2006年年底国内生产总值的10%,商标,预计分别增加了国内生产总值在2007年的预算盈余约3.6%,更多的信心。

Estonia's public debt is currently just 3.6% of GDP, which is the lowest in the EU and one of the lowest in the whole world.

爱沙尼亚的公共债务目前仅为GDP的3.6,这是在欧盟国家的最低和在整个世界上最低之一%。

The 2008 budget was planned to produce a 1.5% of GDP surplus.

2008年的预算计划生产的国内生产总值1.5%的盈余。

In 2008, the economic growth slowed down in all three Baltic states (due to global financial crisis ), with Lithuania's real growth rate falling to 3.0%, Latvia's -4.6% and Estonia's -3.6%.

2008年,经济增长速度有所放缓,所有三个波罗的海国家(由于全球金融危机 )与立陶宛的实质增长率下降到3.0%,拉脱维亚-4.6%和爱沙尼亚的-3.6%。


“凯尔特虎”:the Celtic Tiger
http://www.0086.ie/html/45/4045-1218.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_Tiger


还有
# 亚洲四小虎 :原有的经济格局“虎” - 香港 , 新加坡 , 韩国和台湾 ,是经历了高增长,与20世纪60年代和90年代工业化时期。

# Baltic Tiger : a reference to the rapid economic growth of the Baltic states in the 2000s.

巴尔虎 :一,以快速的波罗的海国家的经济增长在2000年代的参考。

# Nordic Japan : Finland 's nickname given to it because of the success of its information technology sector since the 1990s.

北欧日 : 芬兰氏昵称给由于其信息技术部门的成功在20世纪90年代以来它。

# Carpat Tiger : Romania 's nickname during its period of rapid growth in the 2000s.

Carpat虎 : 罗马尼亚氏在其2000年代的高速增长期的昵称。

These high growth rates are expected to continue in the future.

这些高增长率预计将在今后继续下去。

# Gulf Tiger : A nickname for the economic boom that Dubai has been experiencing since the 1990s.

海湾老虎 :一个经济繁荣的迪拜 ,自20世纪90年代经历的昵称。

# Balkan Tiger : A nicknamed applied to Serbia and previously Bulgaria because of the recent rapid growth.

巴尔干老虎 :一个绰号适用于塞尔维亚和以前由于最近的快速增长, 保加利亚 。

# Nordic Tiger : Iceland 's nickname during its period of rapid growth between the 1990s and 2008.

北欧虎 : 冰岛氏在其与20世纪90年代和2008年的快速增长时期的昵称。

# Andean Tiger : Peru 's recent nickname by the OECD for its high growth rates compared to the rest of Latin America.

安第斯虎 : 秘鲁氏的高增长率,最近昵称的经合组织相比,拉丁美洲其他国家。

# Northern Tiger : Canada 's nickname during the 2000s due to Canada's resurgent dollar against the US dollar and brief but significant economic growth.

北虎 : 加拿大氏2000年代期间,由于对美元的短暂但重要的经济增长对加拿大的迅速崛起和美元的昵称。

“ 太脱拉虎 ”  是一个昵称是指对斯洛伐克的经济与一名右翼 联盟在2002年9月升天而在一个自由的经济改革计划进行。

The name "Tatra Tiger" derives from the local Tatra mountain range .

这个名字“太脱拉虎”来自当地的塔特拉山脉 。

In 2004 and 2005, Slovakia had one of the highest gross domestic product growth rates in the European Union after some of the Baltic countries , reaching 6%.

在2004年和2005年, 斯洛伐克已后波罗的海国家的一些最高的国内生产总值在欧盟的增长率之一,达到6%。

In 2006, the year-over-year growth amounted to an unexpected 9.8% in the 3rd quarter, which helped to increase the overall annual economy growth expectation for 2006 from 6%-6.5% to 8.2%.

2006年,该年度的同期相比增长9.8%意外在第三季度,这有助于提高至6%-6.5%至8.2%的总体年度经济增长预期为2006年。

This 9.8% growth (a low estimate) can be partly ascribed to the launch of production at a new Peugeot SA plant.

这种增长9.8%(一个过低的估计),可部分归因于生产上推出一个新的标致汽车厂。

The growth came as a surprise to local analysts, given that another big foreign investor, Kia , launched its production in late

2006.的增长,出乎当地分析人士感到意外,因为另一个大外国投资者, 起亚 ,2006年年底推出了它的生产。

However, public polling shows that despite the resultant high growth rates, the public does not universally approve of the reforms, because they are associated with a drastic loss of the (previously high) government programs (reform of the previously government-run health system, complete reform of the pension system, etc.), the replacement of progressive taxation with a flat tax , rapid changes of laws and other legal regulations, and rising property prices.

然而,公众投票表明,尽管产生的高增长率,公众并不普遍认同的改革,因为它们与一个(以前高急剧丧失有关)的政府计划(改革前政府管理的医疗制度,彻底改革养老金制度等),用单一税率 ,法律和其他法律法规的迅速变化更换累进税制,和楼价上升。

Moreover, unemployment jumped to very high levels immediately after the reforms began in 1998, although it decreased back to its 1998 level in 2006.

此外,失业率上升到非常高的水平后,立即于1998年开始的改革,尽管它下降到1998年回到2006年的水平。

印度虎:“印度高科技企业Wipro如何重写国际竞争法则”
http://www.77phone.com/txt_181260/


参见 《维基百科》等
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