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猎人文档 宝贵的康复，伟大的灵感 来自于亲历大自然 ！
现代最成功的小说家。 莫过于英国作家《哈利波特》的笔者--- JK 罗琳。 当被问及，她那点石成金的手笔，思路的原因时，这位名列富豪榜前列的罗琳女士坦言。是在野外，赏析山花林地时。带来的灵感和运气！
多年来，科学研究都证实：应对现代压力，最好的方式。 也许就离开喧嚣的都市。造访大自然。漫步在花园里，海滩上。 并在山区远足等。而不是一杯更浓烈的咖啡。
甚至在青少年的教育和心理辅导方面 ：业有观点认为 "泡温泉 俯瞰懒自然 比以往任何设置 都更受欢迎“。 教育研究人员发现， 积极的影响幼儿发展的，是度过亲近自然童年时光。
文摘引自
http://ow.ly/9ux
http://www.vancouversun.com/news ... d&q=imagine
Mother nature really does have the answers
A scene from Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban: Author J.K. Rowling says the source of her inspiration for the Harry Potter series was her early childhood spent in the English woodlands.
A scene from Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban: Author J.K. Rowling says the source of her inspiration for the Harry Potter series was her early childhood spent in the English woodlands.
Photograph by: .., Warner Bros. Pictures
First in the Vancouver Sun's 12-part series to engage readers in the big ideas that will have an impact on future generations of British Columbians.
It is odd how a good idea can stare you in the face for so long and, when finally noticed, seem so obvious.
For years we have known that stress levels decline during visits to natural areas. A stroll in a garden, a few weeks lounging on a beach, and hiking in the mountains all have restorative benefits.
Gardeners and poets have written about it, hikers expound about it. Parents often say that letting kids outside "burns off steam." Spas overlooking languid natural settings are more popular than ever.
J.K. Rowling says the source of inspiration for the Harry Potter series was her early childhood spent in the English woodlands. Our well-being needs nature.
Medical researchers, biologists, psychologists and education experts are beginning to converge on a suite of benefits from living close to nature. Besides reduced stress, the findings indicate your physical and emotional health and your children's development also benefit.
In November, Richard Mitchell and Frank Popham, writing in The Lancet, reported that living near green areas significantly reduced the occurrence of stroke and heart disease among Scottish residents. The larger the green area, the lower the heart-related deaths. The reasons are not entirely clear, but the authors believe fewer heart problems are symptomatic of reduced stress and increased exercise among people living near green areas. And should you fall ill, request a room with a view of nature. Post-operative recovery is fastest among patients who can view natural areas.
Everyone knows how children are drawn to animals. Many of us have vivid memories of our childhood spent close to nature. As a boy, I lived with my family at the end of a road overlooking a forested ravine in North Vancouver. I spent hours fishing for trout, watching birds and learning about nature. My curiosity about nature lured me to the library to learn the names and lives of the creatures in my woods, and eventually to look farther afield on the local mountains and beyond.
Education researchers have found positive effects on childhood development from experiences with nature such as mine. Peter Kahn and Stephen Kellert wrote in their book Children in Nature that the natural world might even be a critical element of our emotional and intellectual growth. Children seem to benefit greatly from nature during early development. Some research indicates that attention-deficit disorder symptoms are reduced when these children play in natural areas. The freedom of exploring nature seems to allow these children to focus more on tasks.
Given the benefits of nature during our children's development, we are nonetheless becoming paralysed about providing them the freedom to do so. Richard Louv, in his award-winning book Last Child in the Woods, thinks we are letting fear rule our decisions to a point that children are suffering from what he calls "nature deficit disorder."
We might think that nature no longer has a role in our urban lifestyle, but then we had better think again. We can't shake our evolutionary history that easily. Several years ago, zoologist Gordon Orians and environmental psychologist Judith Heerwagen wondered why landscape-paintings over the centuries often depicted savannah-like settings predominated by grasslands, scattered trees along lake shores or seashores, and distant vistas. The "savanna hypothesis" as it became known, posited that parkland settings are reminiscent of our early African origins. They went on to explain that parkland settings reflected habitats with abundant food, vistas where an approaching predator could be seen and trees that offered an escape if necessary. Orians and Heerwagen interpreted the favourable response to savannas as an innate response separate from culture. In other words, the ghost of our evolutionary past haunts our brains.
We might dismiss Orians and Heerwagen's finding as being academic, except that their research has a key message. For about 1.5 million years of evolution, modern humans held a close affinity to nature. The natural world was our source of livelihood, inspiration, physical and emotional being — and it held the forces that shaped us as humans. The natural world honed our skills of survival by rewarding those best suited with continued inheritance. It should be no surprise that our ties to nature are deeply rooted in our genes even if we are not aware of the strength of these connections. And because our response to nature is hard-wired, it is not going to go away.
These findings are especially pertinent as humans world-wide are moving into cities. The impetus is well-grounded for continued expansion of greenways, parks, and conservation initiatives.
But we need to go farther. Our goal should be to bring nature closer to the lives of urban dwellers. We need to fuzzy the line between urban and rural. How to achieve that goal within a limited land base will be a challenge for city planners.
An aim of the Imagine BC series was to advise on public policy for the next three decades. Predicting future needs using current information is often fraught with errors because of unpredictable future technological advances and social responses. However, the innate response to nature is hard-wired into all of us and it will not change with the latest technology or social whim. It also sheds new light on conservation. Extinction is more than the biological demise of species and ecosystems. It is a loss to our social, psychological and health well-being. If bringing us closer to nature is a good thing, as the mounting evidence suggests, then public policy should put into place principles to transform society over the next 30 years. Here is a start:
n Learn from others. Examine European and American cities that have adopted plans to bring nature into cities.
- Think big. Design natural areas on a regional scale that follow ecological rules. For example, large natural areas are better than many small areas. Link natural areas with corridors of natural vegetation. Maintain watersheds.
- Bring nature close to schools. New schools should include parks or natural areas in their design. The curriculum should be experiential with nature at its core. Nature theory in education needs to be developed at universities and adopted into the curriculum, and new teachers need to become conversant with nature experiences.
- Surround hospitals with natural areas. Parks and golf courses might include hospitals.
- Establish green spaces within walking distance of every citizen and link green spaces by greenways. Small city parks, treed lanes, and green roofs should be commonplace.
- Invest in science. Fund research into the interaction between habitat and well-being as it pertains to city and town planning.
Slowly, we are realizing that we need to live closer to nature for our own good. Where that journey will take us is not clear, but there are encouraging signs that more citizens, city planners and organizations are feeling comfortable with nature in the city.
Rob Butler is a scientist, author and naturalist with Bird Studies Canada and an Imagine BC delegate.
© Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun
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发表于 2009-6-19 13:19:35
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