不必老是”妄自菲薄“， 如今天朝杀器的出口地球排行老五了

老上

不必老是”妄自菲薄“， 如今天朝杀器的出口地球排行老五了

阿三的嘴里，总是”妄自菲厚“。而本网多位看官，大凡提及国产武器， 就似乎都是”地沟油“.... 。
今推荐一文， 感觉是比较中肯的天朝武器发展水平的客观评价：

... SIPRI  斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所(Stockholm International Peace Research Institute)周一 发布的一份报告显示，中国已经提升了先进武器的生产能力，并自冷战以来首次跻身世界五大武器出口国之列。
http://www.sipri.org/
... ... 18 Mar.: China replaces UK as world’s fifth largest arms exporter, says SIPRI

http://www.sipri.org/media/pressreleases/2013/ATlaunch
http://www.foxbusiness.com/news/ ... orters-report/print

过去中国的武器出口主要为较低端的军事装备，而现在这个日益崛起的超级大国的武器生产商似乎开始越来越多地与美国和欧洲更先进武器系统的生产商展开竞争。美国仍是世界上第一大武器出口国，俄罗斯和德国分别排在第二和第三位。上述报告说，印度、中国和巴基斯坦为前三大武器进口国。

斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所武器贸易项目高级研究员魏泽曼(Pieter Wezeman)说，我们可以看到，世界各地对中国武器的需求较过去有所上升。斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所成立已有数十年之久，被认为是收集全球有关国家和企业武器销售信息的权威机构。

去年秋季，中国在寻求增强军事实力的道路上取得了两项具有里程碑意义的成果。中国国产歼-15战机在“辽宁舰”航母上成功完成起降测试；另外，沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司(Shenyang Aircraft Corp.)试飞了一架歼-31隐形战机原型机，中国由此成为世界上除美国外唯一一个正在研制两款隐形战机的国家。

中国外交部没有回复记者的置评请求。过去中国一直说，中国遵守联合国有关武器的限制性规定。

据斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所的数据，2008年至2012年，中国主要常规武器的出口较上个五年增长了162%。中国取代英国成为世界上第五大武器供应国，是数十年来前五名国家首次出现变化。巴基斯坦长期以来一直与中国保持着密切的军事关系，它仍是中国武器的最大进口国。

近几年出现的新买家主要是购买较低端、较简单武器的发展中国家。不过，魏泽曼说，有迹象表明这一格局现在正在发生变化。阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥等主要武器进口国现在开始从中国购买坦克和护卫舰等先进军事装备。

魏泽曼说，这似乎表明，对那些通常会从其他供应国购买武器的买家来说，更加先进、一定程度上更加昂贵的中国武器开始变得更有吸引力。

随着国产武器生产的增加，中国对进口武器的依赖也有所降低。2008年至2012年，中国武器进口较上个五年下滑了47%。与此同时，2001年至2011年，中国军费预算平均每年增长了11.8%。

魏泽曼说，现在如果你去参加防务展会，很可能会看到很多中国公司参展。他说，比如，在今年2月举行的阿布扎比防务展上，中国展区是规模最大的展区之一，有数家中国企业相互竞争，争夺交易。

斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所有关国际武器贸易的报告显示，2003年至2007年，以及2008年至2012年，主要常规武器的国际贸易量均增长了17%。2008年至2012年武器出口的近一半（47%）出口到了亚洲和大洋洲。

China replaces Britain in world's top five arms exporters: report

Published March 17, 2013

BEIJING –  China has become the world's fifth-largest arms exporter, a respected Sweden-based think tank said on Monday, its highest ranking since the Cold War, with Pakistan the main recipient.

China's volume of weapons exports between 2008 and 2012 rose 162 percent compared to the previous five year period, with its share of the global arms trade rising from 2 percent to 5 percent, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) said.

China replaces Britain in the top five arms-dealing countries between 2008 and 2012, a group dominated by the United States and Russia, which accounted for 30 percent and 26 percent of weapons exports, SIPRI said.

"China is establishing itself as a significant arms supplier to a growing number of important recipient states," Paul Holtom, director of the SIPRI Arms Transfers Program, said in a statement.

The shift, outlined in SIPRI's Trends in International Arms Transfers report, marks China's first time as a top-five arms exporter since the think tank's 1986-1990 data period.

Now the world's second-largest economy, China's rise has come with a new sense of military assertiveness with a growing budget to develop modern warfare equipment including aircraft carriers and drones.

At the Zhuhai air show in southern China in November, Chinese attack helicopters, missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles and air defenses were on public show for the first time.

SIPRI maintains a global arms transfers database base that tracks arms exports back to the 1950s. It averages data over five-year periods because arms sales vary by year.

"Pakistan - which accounted for 55 percent of Chinese arms exports - is likely to remain the largest recipient of Chinese arms in the coming years due to large outstanding and planned orders for combat aircraft, submarines and frigates," SIPRI said.

Myanmar, which has been undergoing fragile reforms that the United States thinks could help counter Beijing's influence in the region, received 8 percent of China's weapons exports.

Bangladesh received 7 percent of the arms, and Algeria, Venezuela and Morocco have bought Chinese-made frigates, aircraft or armored vehicles in the past several years.

Beijing does not release official figures for arms sales.

Germany and France ranked third and fourth on the arms exporter list. China followed only India in the acquisition of arms, though its reliance on imports is decreasing as it ramps up weapons production capabilities at home.

After decades of steep increases in military spending and cash injections into domestic defense contractors, experts say some Chinese-made equipment is now comparable to Russian or Western counterparts, though accurate information about the performance of Chinese weapons is scarce.

China faces bans on Western military imports, dating back to anger over its crushing of pro-democracy protests in and around Tiananmen Square in 1989. That makes its domestic arms industry crucial in assembling a modern military force that can enforce claims over Taiwan and disputed maritime territories.

China has faced off recently with its Southeast Asian neighbors and Japan over conflicting claims to strings of islets in the South China Sea and East China Sea, even as the United States executes a military pivot towards the Pacific.

(Reporting by Michael Martina; Editing by Nick Macfie)

The five largest suppliers of major conventional weapons during the five-year period 2008–12 were the United States (30 per cent of global arms exports), Russia (26 per cent), Germany (7 per cent), France (6 per cent) and China (5 per cent). This is the first time that the UK has not been in the top five since at least 1950, the earliest year covered by SIPRI data. China’s displacement of the UK is the first change in the composition of the top five exporters in 20 years.

The volume of Chinese exports of major conventional weapons rose by 162 per cent between 2003–2007 and 2008–2012, and its share of the volume of international arms exports increased from 2 to 5 per cent.

‘China’s rise has been driven primarily by large-scale arms acquisitions by Pakistan,’ said Dr Paul Holtom, Director of the SIPRI Arms Transfers Programme. ‘However, a number of recent deals indicate that China is establishing itself as a significant arms supplier to a growing number of important recipient states.’

Asian imports strengthen naval capabilities

In the period 2008–12 Asia and Oceania accounted for almost half (47 per cent) of global imports of major conventional weapons. The top five importers of major conventional weapons worldwide—India (12 per cent of global imports), China (6 per cent), Pakistan (5 per cent), South Korea (5 per cent), and Singapore (4 per cent)—were all in Asia.

Several countries in Asia and Oceania have in recent years ordered or announced plans to acquire long-range strike and support systems that would make them capable of projecting power far beyond their national borders. Last year notably saw the delivery of a nuclear-powered submarine from Russia to India and the commissioning of China’s first aircraft carrier, Liaoning.

Other regional players are seeking to establish or strengthen submarine fleets, including several South East Asian countries and Australia, which is also acquiring large surface warships and combat aircraft. These developments come at a time of heightening tensions over territorial disputes in the East and South China seas.

Austerity bites in the European arms market

Deliveries to European countries fell by 20 per cent between 2003–2007 and 2008–12. European states seem eager to abandon or reduce a range of arms import plans. During 2012 Italy and the Netherlands reduced their orders for F-35 combat aircraft from the USA, while Bulgaria, Croatia and Romania dropped plans for newly produced combat aircraft in favour of second-hand options.

Many European states are also seeking to export newly acquired combat aircraft that they can no longer afford to maintain. For example, Portugal is seeking buyers for its new fleet of F-16s and Spain is seeking to sell newly purchased Eurofighter Typhoons.

‘With the financial crisis in Europe, the withdrawal from Iraq and the drawdown in Afghanistan, we can expect to see Europe trying to export a considerable volume of surplus military equipment,’ said Mark Bromley, Senior Researcher with the SIPRI Arms Transfers Programme.

Other notable developments

    Russia accounted for 71 per cent of exports of major weapons to Syria in 2008–12 and continued to deliver arms and ammunition in 2012.

    The Arab states of the Gulf accounted for 7 per cent of world arms imports in 2008–2012. Missile defence systems were an important element in their latest arms acquisitions, with orders placed in 2011–12 for Patriot PAC-3 and THAAD systems from the USA.

    Deliveries of weapons system to Venezuela as part of its ongoing rearmament programme continued in 2012. Russia accounted for 66 per cent of transfers to Venezuela, followed by Spain (12 per cent) and China (12 per cent).

    Imports by North African states increased by 350 per cent between 2003–2007 and 2008–12, which was almost entirely responsible for a doubling (by 104 per cent) in imports by Africa as a whole.

    Sub-Saharan imports increased by just 5 per cent. Most countries in sub-Saharan Africa imported only small numbers of major weapons, but many of these have been used in internal conflicts or in interventions in conflicts in neighbouring states, most recently in Mali.

    Greece’s arms imports fell by 61 per cent between 2003–2007 and 2008–12, pushing it from the number 4 importer to number 15. In 2006–10 Greece was the top recipient of German arms exports and the third largest recipient of French arms exports.

For editors

The SIPRI Arms Transfers Database contains information on all international transfers of major conventional weapons (including sales, gifts and production licences) to states, international organizations and armed non-state groups from 1950 to the most recent full calendar year. SIPRI data reflects the volume of deliveries of arms, not the financial value of the deals. As the volume of deliveries can fluctuate significantly year on year, SIPRI presents data for 5-year periods, giving a more stable measure of trends.

This is the second of three major data set pre-launches in the lead-up to the publication of SIPRI Yearbook 2013. On 18 February SIPRI released its data on arms production (including the SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing and military services companies for 2011). On 15 April, SIPRI will launch its world military expenditure data (comprehensive information on global, regional and national trends in military spending). Finally, in June, SIPRI will launch its 2013 Yearbook (cutting-edge information and analysis on the state of the world’s nuclear forces, the international peacekeeping agenda and steps to control weapons of mass destruction).

天朝”鸡的屁“ 位居第二， 有没有水分？还值得权衡。但2013的综合全能老五， 应当是当之无愧的！ 本网诸位对PRC的杀器，继续“赶美超英”， 不会有更大的怀疑了吧？！